To "preclude" is "to remove the possibility of [something]." So the difference between "preclude" and "exclude" is to remove the possibility of something rather than expel or keep out the something itself (future vs. present fact).
A 1913 Websters dictionary says that "reclude" means "to unclose; to open." Hunh? Who uses "unclose" in common conversation? Modern use of "reclude" is as a contraction of "reinclusion," where the longer definition would be "to once again include something that was excluded."
(I find it interesting that the pronunciation of the "e" in seclude and reclude don't match.)